How to Perform the Instant Fire Chemistry Demonstration

How to Perform the Instant Fire Chemistry Demonstration Heres a simple fire chemistry demonstration that produces instant fire without using matches or any other type of flame. Potassium chlorate and ordinary table sugar are combined. When a drop of sulfuric acid is added, a reaction is catalyzed which produces heat, an amazing bright/tall purple flame, and a lot of smoke. Instant Fire Materials Potassium chloratePowdered (confectioners) sugar or table sugar (sucrose)Sulfuric acidSmall glass jar or  test tube Procedure Mix  equal parts potassium chlorate and table sugar (sucrose) in a small glass jar or test tube. Choose a container you dont value, as the demonstration will probably cause it to shatter.Place the mixture in a fume hood and equip lab safety gear (which you should be wearing anyway). To initiate the reaction, carefully add a drop or two of sulfuric acid to the powdered mixture. The mixture will burst into a tall purple flame, accompanied by heat and a lot of smoke.How it works: potassium chlorate (KClO3) is a powerful oxidizer, used in matches and fireworks. Sucrose is an easy-to-oxidize energy source. When sulfuric acid is introduced, potassium chlorate decomposes to produce oxygen:2KClO3(s) heat - 2KCl(s) 3O2(g)The sugar burns in the presence of oxygen. The flame is purple from the heating of the potassium (similar to a flame test). Tips Perform this demonstration in a fume hood, as a considerable quantity of smoke will be produced. Alternatively, perform this demonstration outdoors.Granulated table sugar is preferable to powdered sugar which is, in turn, preferable to reagent grade sucrose. The powdered sugar is capable of smothering the fire, while the granules of the reagent-grade sucrose may be too large to support a ​good reaction.Follow proper safety precautions. Do not store the potassium chlorate and sugar mixture, as it can react spontaneously. Use care when removing the potassium chlorate from its container, to avoid sparking, which can ignite the container. Wear the usual protective gear when performing this reaction (goggles, lab coat, etc.).The Dancing Gummi Bear is a variation on this demonstration. Here, a small quantity of potassium chlorate is carefully heated in a large test tube, clamped to a ring stand over a flame, until it has melted. A Gummi Bear candy is added to the container, resultin g in a vigorous reaction. The bear dances amidst bright purple flames.

Documentos para viajar por avión dentro de EEUU

Documentos para viajar por avià ³n dentro de EEUU Si te encuentras en Estados Unidos y quieres volar dentro del paà ­s en un vuelo domà ©stico, debes conocer cul es la documentacià ³n que se acepta como identificacià ³n, conocida en inglà ©s como I.D., para que te permitan embarcar en un avià ³n. En este artà ­culo tambià ©n se explica cules son los requisitos para los nià ±os, para los extranjeros visitantes y tambià ©n, en el caso de los indocumentados, las reglas que aplican sobre sus licencias de manejar. Por à ºltimo, tambià ©n se informa sobre quà © hacer si ha habido un cambio de nombre y no coincide el del I.D. con el del boleto de avià ³n y quà © hacer si se olvida la documentacià ³n en casa. Documentacià ³n aceptada para volar dentro de Estados Unidos Las reglas bsicas las establece la Transportation Security Administration, conocido tambià ©n por sus siglas en inglà ©s de TSA. El I.D. para volar debe tener una foto de la persona y su nombre completo.   Segà ºn la TSA estos son los I.D. que los adultos, es decir, las personas mayores de 18 aà ±os, pueden utilizar para volar. Pasaporte de los Estados UnidosTarjeta de pasaporte de los Estados UnidosTarjeta del programa Trusted Traveler, tipo Global Entry, SENTRY, FAST o NEXUS.Un I.D. militar para soldados, oficiales, veteranos o sus familiares, aunque à ©stos se encuentren en el paà ­s en situacià ³n de indocumentados. Tambià ©n puede ser utilizado por  civiles empleados por el Departamento  de DefensaTarjeta de residencia permanente, tambià ©n conocida como green card.Visa lser, tambià ©n conocida como tarjeta de cruce de fronteras o BCC. Aquà ­ hay que respetar las millas que esta visa permite adentrarse dentro del territorio de Estados Unidos.Licencias de manejar reconocidas por el Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS) como mejoradas. Es lo que se conoce como Enhanced Drivers Licenses, que sirven para manejar, como I.D. y tambià ©n como prueba de ciudadanà ­a americana. Las emiten los estados de Michigan, Minnesota, Nueva York, Vermont y Washington.Licencia de manejar de un estado o terri torio de Estados Unidos, como por ejemplo Puerto Rico, u otras tarjetas de identificacià ³n emitidas por el Departamento de Vehà ­culos de dicho estado para ser utilizadas como I.D.   Pasaporte extranjero, si bien con las limitaciones que se explican ms abajoI.D .emitido por una de las naciones tribales de Estados UnidosLicencia de manejar de una de las provincias de Canad o de sus naciones tribales.Acreditacià ³n de trabajador en el sector del transporte (TWIC, por sus siglas en inglà ©s)I.D. emitidos por un aeropuerto o una aerolà ­nea y que cumplan con los requisitos del plan de seguridad de la TSA, la agencia federal encargada de estos asuntos.Tarjeta HSPD 12 PIV, de verificacià ³n de identidad de empleados federales. Quà © documentos no se pueden utilizar como I.D. para volar Entre otros, no pueden utilizarse los siguientes documentos. La matrà ­cula consular no est admitida expresamente en el listado de la TSA. Si bien es cierto que algunos inmigrantes aseguran haber volado con ella, especialmente hace aà ±os. Si quieres volar con una matrà ­cula consular, tienes que saber que asumes un riesgo. Para ms detalles, se recomienda leer ms abajo en la seccià ³n dedicada a migrantes indocumentados. Tampoco pueden utilizarse las licencias de armas, ni las tarjetas de bibliotecas, de universidad o de escuela, etc. Reglas para los extranjeros temporalmente en Estados Unidos Si ests en Estados Unidos como turista o temporalmente o como trabajador asegà ºrate de llevar siempre contigo el pasaporte para volar. Asegurarse de que se est en estatus legal, ya que si al verificar el I.D. el empleado de la TSA cree que ese no es el caso se puede llamar a un oficial migratorio de la CBP y pasar a una segunda inspeccià ³n  para que decida sobre la situacià ³n.   Los estudiantes deben llevar, adems del pasaporte, el documento que se conoce como I-20 y las personas con una visa de intercambio J-1 el DS-2019 ya que si no lo tienen podrà ­a impedà ­rsele volar, retrasar el vuelo o hacerle preguntas adicionales.  ¿Se puede volar con las licencias de manejar para indocumentados? Varios estados emiten licencias de manejar a inmigrantes sin estatus legal.  Algunos, los menos, son exactamente iguales a los del resto de conductores. Sin embargo, en ciertos estados esas licencias son diferentes y se emiten con limitaciones como no para uso oficial, con restricciones federales, no para uso federal y similares. En teorà ­a no se puede volar con esas licencias. Pero se est reportando que sà ­ se ha volado.  ¿Cà ³mo debe interpretarse esto? Que si se quiere intentar volar con ese tipo de I.D. hay que conocer los riesgos. En otras palabras, es posible que al llegar al aeropuerto se puede impide volar o, en casos graves, se llame a un oficial migratorio. Es decir, se puede derivar a una persona a la segunda inspeccià ³n con la CBP, tambià ©n conocida como Policà ­a fronteriza. E incluso se puede llamar al ICE, la agencia encargada de ejecutar las leyes migratorias federales. Es especialmente importante tener en consideracià ³n que los controles y la verificacià ³n del estatus migratorio es ms comà ºn en los aeropuertos cercanos a la frontera con Mà ©xico, por ejemplo McAllen, en Texas.   Tambià ©n es de gran relevancia evitar estos riesgos si previamente se ha sido deportado, ya que aquà ­ los problemas pueden ser muy graves. Cada uno debe tomar las decisiones por sà ­ mismo, conocer las posibilidades y tambià ©n los riesgos. Quiz es conveniente consultar con un abogado o una organizacià ³n de apoyo a inmigrantes. Y evitar vuelos que pasan sobre aguas o territorios internacionales, como viajes a Alaska, Hawaii o Puerto Rico. I.D. para volar en vuelos domà ©sticos para menores de 18 aà ±os Los nià ±os menores de 18 aà ±os que viajan con sus padres o tutores no necesitan I.D. Pero es recomendable llevar el certificado de nacimiento para probar la edad cuando por su aspecto fà ­sico pueda sospecharse que ya alcanzaron la mayorà ­a de edad. Adems, antes de salir para el aeropuerto comprobar con la là ­nea aà ©rea si tienen requisitos especiales para menores en cuanto a identificacià ³n. Ya que las compaà ±Ãƒ ­as puedes establecer requisitos adicionales.    ¿Quà © pasa si se ha olvidado la identificacià ³n en casa? Ser posible volar si es posible establecer la identidad de otro modo, como por ejemplo utilizando bases de datos pà ºblicas. Si no es posible, no se permitir el embarca al avià ³n.  ¿Quà © hacer cuando se ha cambiado el nombre? Uno de los requisitos para poder volar es que totalmente coincidan el nombre en el I.D. y en la tarjeta de embarque, conocido en inglà ©s como boarding pass. A veces puede suceder que no sea asà ­, por ejemplo, en casos de matrimonio con cambio de apellido. En estos casos y semejantes es necesario llevar el certificado de matrimonio o la orden judicial en la que se autoriza al cambio. De interà ©s para inmigrantes que viajan Antes de volar, asegurarse de saber quà © est permitido y prohibido llevar en el equipaje de mano. Asimismo, si se viaja al extranjero, cules son los documentos que puede utilizar un ciudadano americano para regresar a USA y cules son los requisitos para los nià ±os que viajan sin sus padres. Y, finamente, tener en cuenta que cuando volar por avià ³n no es una opcià ³n, hay que saber que tambià ©n puede haber  controles migratorios internos (retenes) en las carreteras en el interior  de Estados Unidos.

Aluminum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Aluminum - Essay Example Aluminum is a member of the group III of the periodic table and is classified as a metal with properties lying midway between metals and metalloids. The 8% by weight of the Earth’s crust is made up of aluminum which makes it the most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust and also the third most abundant element. Though insoluble in water, aluminum is a very reactive material. For using in various applications across different engineering and technology fields aluminum has to be extracted from its ores, a majority of which are oxides of aluminum. The most abundant ore of aluminum is bauxite ore. Aluminum has vast applications and is considered to be the most widely used material in all types of engineering. The property of aluminum which makes it suitable for use in various different kinds of engineering applications is its low density and ability to resist corrosion. The ability to resist corrosion is developed through forming a thin layer of aluminum oxide on the surface of aluminum which makes it a passive material as aluminum oxide is a very less reactive. This phenomenon of placing a layer of oxide on the surface of a metal is known as passivation. The light weight of aluminum makes it useful in aerospace industry and the use of aluminum cladding is also getting popularity in architectural and construction industry. There are many chemical reactions in which aluminum can be used as a catalyst due to its reactive nature.

Civil rights play in Don Quixote Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Civil rights play in Don Quixote - Essay Example The role of civil rights is very strong in the work as Don Quixote can be seen as informing people about their civil rights and helping them to face the wicked. The first errand in which Don Quixote gets involved is the knocking down of the monks who are the attendants of a lady. Don Quixote considers them as attackers. Sancho, Don Quixote’s squire gets confused that they will face some adverse reaction from the lady’s attendants but Don Quixote informs him about their civil rights as knights. He matches himself with police officers who have the right to use some violence in order to maintain law (Presburg 56). According to him, knights can be aggressive at times for which, they won’t get punished as they are authorized to use their strength for the safety of common people. Don Quixote attends burial ceremony of Chrysostom who commits suicide for a lady named Marcela. Marcela rejects his love, which becomes a reason for his suicide. At the burial, Marcela appears and informs that she is not responsible for anybody. Don Quixote protects Marcela from the chasing men and threatens that he will kill anyone who will chase Marcela (El Saffer 134). He becomes a guard of the woman and asks her if he can be of any help for her. The protagonist of the work, Don Quixote shows interest in listening to the stories narrated by the characters with whom he meets in his journey and shows sympathy for them (Presburg 59). He meets several prisoners watched over by equipped men and asks the prisoners to inform about them. They all narrate their stories by showing them as innocent people who are maltreated. Don Quixote helps them in their freedom by fighting with the armed men. He shows sympathetic attitude towards each and every person who seems above suspicion. Don Quixote also shows interest in the story of the naked man named Cardenio whom he finds in his way and chases him in order to know about him. When he finds him, he asks

Self Assessment Reflective Essay

Self Assessment Reflective Essay Good writing is important skill for young people, as it is a predictor of academic success, for successful career and a basic requirement for participation in civic life. (Murray 2004). Most contexts of life (school, the workplace, and the community) call for some level of writing skill, and each context makes overlapping, but not identical, demands. Proficient writers can adapt their writing flexibly to the context in which it takes place. That is why all students need to become proficient and flexible writers. Finding a good topic is one of the hardest parts of learning to write. And, unfortunately, every writer runs into it right at the beginning. Thats why it is necessary to know strategies that will always give many good topics to choose from. In all subject areas, a student needs to develop skills for getting what they know about a topic down on paper, and generating ideas or finding additional facts. He also needs skills to check whether their writing is on-topic and fulfills its purpose. Further, they need to be able to explain the writing assignment and the process they are following to effectively complete the assignment. To write a good essay a student needs to know how to organize what they have learned about any topic or assignment into a well-structured whole. In longer writing assignments, he needs to know how to create a strong, focused introduction that catches the readers interest; how to link ideas in logically connected paragraphs that contain enough supporting detail; and how to conclude with a strong ending. It is difficult to start writing an essay, for example, without a central idea and notes to support it. Often, the more detailed an outline, the easier is the writing. People frequently find that they can finish faster by writing a first draft quickly and then editing and revising this draft. In my opinion students learn to write by writing, so they need regular opportunities at school and colleges to write in all subjects. A consistent approach to the writing process in all subject areas and explicit instruction on the writing process by the subject teacher help students become better writers. Models of good writing in the subject area, and feedback that is constructive and formative, are critical to students growth as writers. The pre-writing strategies Writing is the final step of several separate acts like note-taking, identifying a central idea, outlining, drafting and editing. The first step is pre-writing that is the formulation and organization of ideas preparatory to writing. (Murray 2004) Speaking about the pre-writing strategies, I can say that pre-writing engages in activities designed to help them generate or organize ideas for the essay and very important that it improves the quality of their writing. Pre-writing activities include gathering possible information for a paper through reading or developing a visual representation of their ideas before sitting down to write. (Pattison 2006) There are many effective practices in the process of pre-writing. For me it was important to create a topic by using various methods, such as listing and brainstorming. My pre-writing activities included planning before writing, reading necessary literature, organizing pre-writing ideas, writing an outline to a topic and then plan the work in advance. I have chosen the free writing strategy. It means that I set a time limit and wrote without stopping, and when the time was up, I looked at what I had written and determined which idea seemed most significant. After that I pointed the important insights and ideas with which to work. The writing process For the writing class I chose the topic of Self assessment because this topic is interesting for me and the audience for many reasons: First of all because the self-assessment is important to define clearly the progress of personal development ; The audience is interested in psychology because it is always interesting to get acquainted with ones self-assessment to be able to avoid pitfalls of self-assessment made by others in the course of their own self-assessment; process of self-assessment is always a challengeable task, because people always attempt to conduct a self-assessment but they do not always succeed, as it is closely connected with the inadequate self-esteem or self-awareness. In the whole the writing process involves generating ideas, developing and organizing the ideas, and revising and editing them. Effective writers do all these stages for the best result, so that the writing achieves its purpose. (Murray 2004) When writing the essay I had the next goals: To write well-organized paragraphs for different subject areas, with supporting details; to demonstrate a clear understanding of the topic; to spot main ideas and support details. Writing an essay is a very private process, as it shows your own writing style, your thoughts and vision of the topic. It was very important not only to follow the topic, but also to show the right order of thoughts and material so that it flowed from one area, to follow a logical order. Each part of the essay should follow on the previous parts, and the whole body of the essay should clearly come to the conclusion. I tried in my essay to Essay writing requires to use both creative and critical thinking. Creative thinking encouraged me to broaden my ideas, while critical thinking encouraged me to narrow the focus of my ideas on the main topic of the essay. All these strategies helped me to organize my essay in the best way, so it would be interesting and understandable for the audience.

Horizontal Analyses Essay

Ratio, Vertical, and Horizontal Analyses Regina Stewart XACC/280 February 3, 2012 Jose Rodriguez Ratio, Vertical, and Horizontal Analyses A detailed examination of the tools used in financial analysis, in addition to their various functions, is provided within this paper. The current ratio and calculations on the questions are provided herein. A variety of tools are used to assess the importance of financial data. Frequently used tools of financial statement analysis consist of horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and ratio analysis. These techniques assist in the evaluation of financial statements providing information regarding the financial condition of a business. Evaluating the data of financial statements over a period of time, is considered horizontal analysis and is primarily used in intracompany comparisons with the purpose of determining an increase or decrease over a period of time. Vertical analysis expresses individual items in the financial statement in the percentage format of the base amount and is used in comparisons of both intracompany and intercompany. Vertical analysis reflects the comparative size of each category in the balance sheet along with the percentage change in the individual asset, liability, and stockholders’ equity items. Ratio analysis articulates the relationship between selected items of financial statement data and is used in all three comparison types. Ratios can be used to evaluate liquidity, profitability, and solvency in addition to providing evidences to underlying conditions that may not be obvious. Current ratio computation for Pepsico Current ratio evaluates a company’s liquidity and the ability to repay short-term debt and is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities. Pepsico current ratio for 2005 Current ratio=Current assetsCurrent liabilitiesCurrent ratio=104549406=1. 1 Pepsico current ratio for 2004 Current ratio=Current assetsCurrent liabilitiesCurrent ratio=86396752=1. 3 Analysis Depending on who is analyzing the Pepsico current ratio determines whether the analysis is favorable.

The Difficulty Of Producing One Definition Of Methodology

Clough and Nutbrown (2007, p.32) discuss the difficulty of producing one definition of methodology, as every researcher will â€Å"offer slightly differing definitions according to their own training, discipline and purposes.† However, Burton, Brundrett and Jones (2014, p.6) provide a basic overview, stating that methodology â€Å"focuses upon the identification of sources of evidence and how such evidence might be gathered†. My research project will have a case study research design, which will lead to me gaining qualitative data. Qualitative data, along with the case study design, ties in with my aims the most as I am seeking to understand, in ample detail, what attitudes to learning are prevalent in Key Stage One, and also how those attitudes†¦show more content†¦My sample will include between fifty and sixty, Year One and Two, pupils who will be observed in the classroom. Additionally, my sample will also include between ten and twenty members of Key Stage One staff, who I will informally interview about their views on attitudes towards learning in Key Stage One. The data collection methods that I have opted to use for my project, have all been specifically chosen and designed to present me with the best chance of obtaining a detailed scope of data. One of my data collection methods is informal interviews, which will, hopefully, give me an accurate insight into the views of Key Stage One staff; who have experienced differing attitudes towards learning. Informal interviews are most suited to my project as Fraenkel, Wallen and Hyun (2014, p.449) discuss how informal interviews can resemble casual conversations whilst allowing the researcher to â€Å"find out what people think and how the views of one individual compare with those of another†. Another data collection method, that I have chosen, is observations of the pupils. Firstly, I will ask the teacher of the class if any of the pupils have any learning difficulties, as Hannell (2014, pp.212-215) raises the fact that learning difficulties and/or differences can have an immense effect on attitudes towards learning. If any of the pupils have got any learning difficulties/differences, this will be